(Coriandrum Sativum L) |
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Coriander is one of the most important minor seed
spices produced as well as exported from India.
It is a very popular cheap and versatile spice used
in Indian and foreign dietary and is one of the chief
ingredients in Indian curry powder. The green leaves
are used to floavour, seasoned chutney and salads.
Coriander seed are also known for its medicinal
properties.
In Andhra Pradesh coriander is cultivated in an area of about 56 thousand hectares con-
Tributing about 32% of the area and 42% of the production in the country. On an extensive
scale it is cultivated in Rayalaseema (Kurnool and
Ananthapur), Coastal Andhra (Guntur, Prakasam and Krishna
districts ) and in parts of Telanga medak, Adilabad and
Rnga Reddy districts.
Col climate with low temperature and good amount of dew fall are favourable
to the crop growth.
Black cotton soils with good moisture
retention are suitable for coriander cultivation under
rain fed contions.
It is not cultivate on an extensive scale inlight soils under irrigated conditons except in garden soils of Tadipatri are (Ananthapur District)
More saline or alkaline soils with water stagnation are unfit for this crop.
The best season for coriander cultivation is rabi depending upon the rainfall and soil
moisture, the best time for sowing is between October
15th to November 15th.
Varieties
The above varieties were developed at all India Coordinated Spices Improvement
Project, RARS, Lam, Guntur.
The seeds are sown as split or whole seed between 15th of October to 15th of November, depending upon the rainfall and soil moisture using about 12-15kg of seed/hectare, with a spacing
Of 30 cm x 10/15 cm in between and along the rows.
Split seed germinates in 2 to 3 days.
In the last ploughing well rotten compost (10-15t/ha) is I corporated along with 30 kg of N as a single basal dose in the black cotton soils and levelled. In light soils under irrigated conditions 45 kg of N, 30 kg of P2O5 and 30 kg of K2O can be applied. Nitrogen is applied in two equal split doses i.e.(1st dose in the last ploughing and second dose 30 days after germination and total quantity of phosphorous and potash as a single dose in the last
ploughing and irrigated for getting higher yields.
The seed
germinated in about 12 days. Thinning is done if
necessary. The field is kept tidy by proper wedding
and hoeing
The crop is generally infested with aphids, halitosis and spodoptera which can be controlled by spraying 0.1% Folidol or
Monocrotophos or Carbaryl at 10 days interval.
The most important disease that causes damage to the crop is powdery mildew which can be controlled by soil application of sulphur dust at 25 kg/ha or spraying 0.3% wettable sulphur or 0.6% sulphur suspension tie (once at the time of flower initation and again 15 days later).Of late
coriander wilt,caused by Fusarium Sp. Whichis soil borne ws also reported in certain parts of the State.Avoid growing coriander in such areas and observe crop rotation since there is no remedy for the wilt disease on coriander.
1.Avoid growing coriander in the same field and grow other crops by rotation.
2. Deep plouhing
3. 3.Try to grow reistant/tolerant varietes
Depending upon the variety the crop comes to flowering in about 40-45 days and mature in 80-130 days.The crop is harvested when 60% seeds mature and turn to light straw colour.Harvesting
Is doneby pulling out the whole plants. These are kept in the field for 2-3 days and dried inpatial shade to get good colour and aroma from the grain.After theshing, the seeds are cleaned proplery dried, and stored in gunny bags.
The seed after careful drying and packing should be stored in shade and insect and rat-proof godowns. Dusting of insecticides like Malathion dust on bags will ward off the insect damage Marketing is done when the price is favorable. |